This paper explores Migration and Development policy and co-operation between the EU, the developing world and the agencies between. It raises some very interesting ideas and concepts whose fruition we should be looking out for as we approach 2009 – and yet have hitherto been ignored. Although the content outline is essentially the same as the original lengthier piece, sentences and paragraphs have been truncated and whole explanatory paragraphs omitted for the sake of brevity (and hopefully clarity!)
-- Davis Mukasa
OPINION OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEEON ‘MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES’
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In focussing on practical examples, suggestions and potential mutually beneficial cooperation arrangements, migration can be viewed as a ‘tool for development’. By introducing specific measures, the Committee wishes to move the debate from the policy level to the programming level. It is supportive of the Commission's sentiment on ‘Circular migration and mobility partnerships between the European Union and third countries’
2. MIGRATION AND GLOBALIZATION
• The process of globalisation has led to the liberalised movement of capital, goods, and services. The movement of people, however, still remains globalisation's most restricted branch.
• In order to give less-developed economies a bigger share of the economic growth driven by globalisation, more attention should be given to the free movement of people.
• This opinion follows the school of thought that migration is a chance for developing countries to participate more equally in today's globalised economy. Migration has the potential to decrease inequality; however, migration must not be seen as a substitute for traditional development aid.
• International migration can be an important component in achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Remittances as well as the concepts of co-development and circular migration have significant developmental potential. More importantly, their developmental potential is fuelled by the labour market needs of Western Europe.
• This opinion underlines the need for a well-developed, comprehensive and integrated approach to Migration and Development policies, which has the potential to create a ‘win-win’ situation.
• This approach recognises the imbalance of the positive and negative impact of migration on developing countries.
• While in some countries migration eases the pressure from over-population and unemployment, and the deliberate export of skilled labour establishes overseas sources for future remittances, foreign direct investments and knowledge transfers; for other countries the permanent outflow of human resources severely hampers development. Therefore, well managed migration enhances the positive effects of migration while at the same time mitigates its negative impact.
• The Committee supports the assessments of leading international development organisations such as the World Bank, the UK Department for International Development, Oxfam and others which all highlight the developmental potential of international migration to achieve relief from poverty and sustain economic development in source countries.
• Remittance transfers lead to significant income increases for recipient households, and are a powerful driver for short-term poverty relief and, if managed carefully, can even lead to long-term sustainable development. The latter is supported by concepts of ‘co-development’ such as Diaspora philanthropy, social remittances, knowledge transfers, and transnational business networks.
• The strength of well managed Migration and Development policies should be their ability to protect vulnerable countries, (almost all of sub-Saharan Africa), from migration inflicted development constraints.
3. MIGRATION AND (CO)-DEVELOPMENT
• Co-development describes activities by migrants that compliment, not substitute, development. One form of co-development that reaches all income levels of the recipient community are remittance-based investments in infrastructure for education and basic health services. The Committee supports the embedding of remittances in co-development.
• An exemplary initiative is the matching fund programme. Every remittance that migrants channel towards communal development purposes in their country of origin is matched by an equal amount by each of the institutional partners of the programme
• Ideally these partners are development aid organisations that bring management expertise and experienced personnel into the programme in cooperation with local government to achieve sustainability.
• These matching funds programmes should be made widely public and easily accessible through information platforms that also promote the use of official banking channels for remittances. Once successful ‘matching funds programs’ are identified, additional ‘matching’ partners from the private sector can be included. Especially companies that employ a significant portion of migrants as well as financial services providers that facilitate remittance transfers should be encouraged to participate and to exercise their share of corporate social responsibility.
• These public-private partnerships benefit all participants: the developmental impact increases because of larger collective remittances and companies and banks build trust towards their customers.
• Other forms of co-development focus on steering remittances to entrepreneurial or investment-related activities.
• Incentives that source countries can offer in order to increase overall remittance flows for co-development, range from income tax exemptions for migrants when investing in local businesses to exemptions from import duties for business investments.
4. MITIGATING THE AFFECTS OF BRAIN DRAIN, AND FACILITATING CIRCULAR AND VIRTUAL MIGRATION
• The voluntary outflow of human capital often generates economically beneficial consequences for source countries. International migration eases the pressure from over-population and unemployment for many source countries. Some countries successfully export labour deliberately in order to build overseas pools for remittances, foreign direct investments and knowledge transfers. However, the permanent outflow of human resources, especially the highly skilled and talented, hampers development in the least developed countries which possess neither the economical nor the institutional capacity to build replacements.
• The Committee therefore urges all actors to, firstly, take all necessary steps to mitigate the effects of brain drain and secondly, develop plans to prevent further depreciation of human capital in vulnerable economies and sectors. The Commission has already highlighted in its recent communication that mitigating the effects of brain drain involves concepts of circular and virtual migration. Ethical codes of conduct, higher incomes and compensation funds are ways to prevent skilled professionals from leaving. Furthermore, well-tailored outsourcing from OECD countries to developing countries can decrease the migratory pressure in these specific countries. However, similar considerations which are being discussed to prevent brain waste in developed destinations countries should be applied to workers employed in out-sourced industries in developing countries.
• Facilitating circular and virtual migration builds upon the abovementioned capacities of Diaspora groups and their ability to connect with their country of origin — the creation of brain trust. Skilled migrants who have acquired tertiary education or professional training in destination countries can be an asset to source countries if they are enabled to transfer their skills and services.
• Creating brain trust is a complementary concept to brain drain because the net-loss in source countries ideally feeds into the migration-based brain trust in destination countries. But more importantly, brain trust potentially mitigates some of the detrimental effects of brain drain in source countries. Individual migrants can offer their skills or organisational capacities to their country of origin either on a temporary basis — temporary return — or on a virtual basis by means of web-based applications and online platforms.
• Visa regimes should be tuned accordingly in order to allow for professionals to more easily ‘commute’ between host and source country. International development organisations should consider schemes for development that virtually transfer services and knowledge of highly skilled migrants, such as cardiologists in destinations countries using the internet to analyse medical records from the source country, geologists providing access to state-of-the-art laboratories in host countries, or financial analysts assessing business plans for micro finance programmes. Offering multiple-entry visas is a mechanism to facilitate circular migration.
• Another powerful incentive for return and or circular migration is the portability of pensions' benefits and social security benefits of migrants from host to source country.
• Developing countries need to be made aware of the existing possibilities of co-development and furthermore be encouraged and enabled to build network links with their Diaspora communities abroad.
5. ‘MAINSTREAMING’ MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, AND ENSURING COHERENCE
• The Committee acknowledges that South-South migration and regional migration is significantly greater than international migration between developing and developed countries; so more attention should therefore be devoted to regional approaches of Migration and Development - as already undertaken by the African Union.
• The Committee wishes to highlight the need to integrate ‘migration and development policies’ into the policies of host countries, source countries and international development organisations.
• The Committee notes that policy coherence is highly beneficial to the anticipated outcome of migration and development policies.
• Trade and security policies should not undermine the pro-development efforts of migration and development policies.
• Equally importantly, the Committee is urges its Member States to aim at policy coherence, by not arguing for different policies at the national and at the European Union level.
Monday, 27 October 2008
How Migration and Global Development CAN work: A Summary of the EU Report
This paper explores Migration and Development policy and co-operation between the EU, the developing world and the agencies between. It raises some very interesting ideas and concepts whose fruition we should be looking out for as we approach 2009 – and yet have hitherto been ignored. Although the content outline is essentially the same as the original lengthier piece, sentences and paragraphs have been truncated and whole explanatory paragraphs omitted for the sake of brevity (and hopefully clarity!)
-- Davis Mukasa
OPINION OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEEON ‘MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES’
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In focussing on practical examples, suggestions and potential mutually beneficial cooperation arrangements, migration can be viewed as a ‘tool for development’. By introducing specific measures, the Committee wishes to move the debate from the policy level to the programming level. It is supportive of the Commission's sentiment on ‘Circular migration and mobility partnerships between the European Union and third countries’
2. MIGRATION AND GLOBALIZATION
• The process of globalisation has led to the liberalised movement of capital, goods, and services. The movement of people, however, still remains globalisation's most restricted branch.
• In order to give less-developed economies a bigger share of the economic growth driven by globalisation, more attention should be given to the free movement of people.
• This opinion follows the school of thought that migration is a chance for developing countries to participate more equally in today's globalised economy. Migration has the potential to decrease inequality; however, migration must not be seen as a substitute for traditional development aid.
• International migration can be an important component in achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Remittances as well as the concepts of co-development and circular migration have significant developmental potential. More importantly, their developmental potential is fuelled by the labour market needs of Western Europe.
• This opinion underlines the need for a well-developed, comprehensive and integrated approach to Migration and Development policies, which has the potential to create a ‘win-win’ situation.
• This approach recognises the imbalance of the positive and negative impact of migration on developing countries.
• While in some countries migration eases the pressure from over-population and unemployment, and the deliberate export of skilled labour establishes overseas sources for future remittances, foreign direct investments and knowledge transfers; for other countries the permanent outflow of human resources severely hampers development. Therefore, well managed migration enhances the positive effects of migration while at the same time mitigates its negative impact.
• The Committee supports the assessments of leading international development organisations such as the World Bank, the UK Department for International Development, Oxfam and others which all highlight the developmental potential of international migration to achieve relief from poverty and sustain economic development in source countries.
• Remittance transfers lead to significant income increases for recipient households, and are a powerful driver for short-term poverty relief and, if managed carefully, can even lead to long-term sustainable development. The latter is supported by concepts of ‘co-development’ such as Diaspora philanthropy, social remittances, knowledge transfers, and transnational business networks.
• The strength of well managed Migration and Development policies should be their ability to protect vulnerable countries, (almost all of sub-Saharan Africa), from migration inflicted development constraints.
3. MIGRATION AND (CO)-DEVELOPMENT
• Co-development describes activities by migrants that compliment, not substitute, development. One form of co-development that reaches all income levels of the recipient community are remittance-based investments in infrastructure for education and basic health services. The Committee supports the embedding of remittances in co-development.
• An exemplary initiative is the matching fund programme. Every remittance that migrants channel towards communal development purposes in their country of origin is matched by an equal amount by each of the institutional partners of the programme
• Ideally these partners are development aid organisations that bring management expertise and experienced personnel into the programme in cooperation with local government to achieve sustainability.
• These matching funds programmes should be made widely public and easily accessible through information platforms that also promote the use of official banking channels for remittances. Once successful ‘matching funds programs’ are identified, additional ‘matching’ partners from the private sector can be included. Especially companies that employ a significant portion of migrants as well as financial services providers that facilitate remittance transfers should be encouraged to participate and to exercise their share of corporate social responsibility.
• These public-private partnerships benefit all participants: the developmental impact increases because of larger collective remittances and companies and banks build trust towards their customers.
• Other forms of co-development focus on steering remittances to entrepreneurial or investment-related activities.
• Incentives that source countries can offer in order to increase overall remittance flows for co-development, range from income tax exemptions for migrants when investing in local businesses to exemptions from import duties for business investments.
4. MITIGATING THE AFFECTS OF BRAIN DRAIN, AND FACILITATING CIRCULAR AND VIRTUAL MIGRATION
• The voluntary outflow of human capital often generates economically beneficial consequences for source countries. International migration eases the pressure from over-population and unemployment for many source countries. Some countries successfully export labour deliberately in order to build overseas pools for remittances, foreign direct investments and knowledge transfers. However, the permanent outflow of human resources, especially the highly skilled and talented, hampers development in the least developed countries which possess neither the economical nor the institutional capacity to build replacements.
• The Committee therefore urges all actors to, firstly, take all necessary steps to mitigate the effects of brain drain and secondly, develop plans to prevent further depreciation of human capital in vulnerable economies and sectors. The Commission has already highlighted in its recent communication that mitigating the effects of brain drain involves concepts of circular and virtual migration. Ethical codes of conduct, higher incomes and compensation funds are ways to prevent skilled professionals from leaving. Furthermore, well-tailored outsourcing from OECD countries to developing countries can decrease the migratory pressure in these specific countries. However, similar considerations which are being discussed to prevent brain waste in developed destinations countries should be applied to workers employed in out-sourced industries in developing countries.
• Facilitating circular and virtual migration builds upon the abovementioned capacities of Diaspora groups and their ability to connect with their country of origin — the creation of brain trust. Skilled migrants who have acquired tertiary education or professional training in destination countries can be an asset to source countries if they are enabled to transfer their skills and services.
• Creating brain trust is a complementary concept to brain drain because the net-loss in source countries ideally feeds into the migration-based brain trust in destination countries. But more importantly, brain trust potentially mitigates some of the detrimental effects of brain drain in source countries. Individual migrants can offer their skills or organisational capacities to their country of origin either on a temporary basis — temporary return — or on a virtual basis by means of web-based applications and online platforms.
• Visa regimes should be tuned accordingly in order to allow for professionals to more easily ‘commute’ between host and source country. International development organisations should consider schemes for development that virtually transfer services and knowledge of highly skilled migrants, such as cardiologists in destinations countries using the internet to analyse medical records from the source country, geologists providing access to state-of-the-art laboratories in host countries, or financial analysts assessing business plans for micro finance programmes. Offering multiple-entry visas is a mechanism to facilitate circular migration.
• Another powerful incentive for return and or circular migration is the portability of pensions' benefits and social security benefits of migrants from host to source country.
• Developing countries need to be made aware of the existing possibilities of co-development and furthermore be encouraged and enabled to build network links with their Diaspora communities abroad.
5. ‘MAINSTREAMING’ MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, AND ENSURING COHERENCE
• The Committee acknowledges that South-South migration and regional migration is significantly greater than international migration between developing and developed countries; so more attention should therefore be devoted to regional approaches of Migration and Development - as already undertaken by the African Union.
• The Committee wishes to highlight the need to integrate ‘migration and development policies’ into the policies of host countries, source countries and international development organisations.
• The Committee notes that policy coherence is highly beneficial to the anticipated outcome of migration and development policies.
• Trade and security policies should not undermine the pro-development efforts of migration and development policies.
• Equally importantly, the Committee is urges its Member States to aim at policy coherence, by not arguing for different policies at the national and at the European Union level.
Income and Poverty Gap decreasing in the UK? Is the OECD sure?
Thursday, 14 August 2008
South London Football Club Tackle Street Crime Head On
Source: cafc.co.uk
Article continues [here]
Monday, 7 July 2008
The Credit Crunch Ate Ray...
Since our chat a fortnight ago, Ray Lewis, Deputy Mayor for Young People has formally stepped down amidst mounting speculation of impropriety prior to, but connected to his employment at City Hall.
It would be unwise to cast aspersions at this stage – further to enquiry (- a doubtful prospect at this moment) – but I think it’s fair to say that Mr. Lewis’ denouement was unfortunate if not fated by a mix of lurid politicking and recession-anxiety. In these times of doom and gloom everyone wants hope and a hero to trust. Knowing this, allegations (from whatever side or motive) against Ray Lewis were always going to hit hard.
In Ray’s own words he was ‘not a politician’ and was ‘just there to do a job’: an honourable but very precarious position to take, perhaps laden with a morsel of self-preservation. Unfortunately, it was all over before he had a chance to realise that the wiliest of wily political merchants hiding in the wings never let an honourable job description and pleasant demeanour get in the way of a good ol’ fashion ‘go back to the colonies’ public school shoeing.
Besides, if recent months are anything to go by (choose anything from the Evening Standard’s six-month back catalogue), City Hall should’ve been the last place to go to for a politics-free hiatus; there is probably more politicking per square centimetre on that small patch of grass than a Parliament Square summer all-dayer. This is hard-hat stuff – gritty; and bouncing down Tooley Street on your backside towards London Bridge is about as ceremonious as the exit gets nowadays.
The alternative is to leave by the front door on your own terms – swim for your life across the busy Thames past Thames Clippers and boisterous summer boats and hope the City takes you in, (or back in - in the case of many City Hall generals).
But the ebb and flow between City Hall and the City isn’t about opportunistic personnel-swapping; it’s supposed to be about keeping London moving forward, onwards, upwards; and I believe Ray’s demise could be attributed as much to our social-economic circumstance as to any individual/ party gripe with the Johnson crime buster. Who pushed Ray becomes less significant if you consider why nobody bothered to catch him either.
So: the relationship between City Hall and our financial district is organic. The City (with it’s international umbilical chord) provides support and funding to London’s various ‘aspirations’ (the odd bridge, the odd super-fast rail line, the odd dome, sponsorship for the odd Olympic game); and City Hall provides the right socio-economic playing field and 'growth model' to create opportunities for large and small Londoners like us, everywhere. When this insatiable organism called Aspiration isn’t fed properly, London rapports become contorted; people get grumpy, selfish; heads roll; and people demand more ASBOs. Ray should’ve been into politics, or at least packed light – because when this train comes straight at your level-crossing, you have to be able to nimbly step on and off the platform quickly - or be hit. And excess baggage will cost you. Two weeks prior, i'd interviewed Ray at City Hall and this was my prognosis then:
…It seems obvious and overwhelming that Lewis is at the sharp end of a very big public wedge hammering for reassurance, deliverance and Obama-esque ‘change’ rhetoric in-between. And it feels justified: we are at a point of global socio-economic uncertainty, a time the public needs and expects more from its public servants (as Gordon Brown recently found out), precisely because it feels so vulnerable and suddenly mortal.
…Today’s social/ economic/ mood dynamic is profound. So profound and complex, it can lead to seemingly disparate events in America conspiring against the price of your bread and impacting on your personal welfare: You tut as you read your Asda receipt and get mugged of your change as you put your purse away. This is when the irrational becomes rational, rational becomes irrational, fear sets in where certainty once stood and a messianic figure is prayed for, to restore a sense of balance and order to the village.
…This is a big job by anybody’s measure, even a man of the Deputy's stout frame and boot camp bullishness. There are more ways to get this wrong than right: this job comes with a lot of rope! …The city expects and has his number on speed dial![Meet Ray: Boris' Rainmaker: 26.06.08]
Lewis’ unravelling and departure was swift and sanitary; the stuff of a Formula 1 pit-stop, the terror that such early scandal vis-à-vis past histrionics at City Hall could tar the whole administration as ‘hypocrites’. Because in today’s political-economic climate being whiter than white (absolutely no pun intended here) is upheld with mercenary vigour by tabloid hacks, stirred by backroom political operators, made contagious by sanctimonious water-cooler chit-chatters; sanctioned by an irritability borne of a global credit crunch, general shortage of cash, falling property profits, increasing oil prices, trudging wages, lowered tolerances, increased visible disorder, bad quality M&S sandwiches… (most of which we can do very little about). But as we head for possible recession and the sceptre of boom-and-bust lurches – people need hope (or to 'bust' some heads together - whichever comes first – metaphorically speaking of course). A decade of heady times left us greedy and set-up for disappointment in the downturn.
The ‘wind of change’ that greeted Mayor Johnson’s ascension thus blew forward the ordained Rev. Lewis who rode in on a cloud, our holy man: waving to well-wishers and gathered media below, cradling children - didn’t realise one of the City Hall windows had been left open but nonetheless managing to traverse the diameter of the eighth floor office through an adjacent open window opposite, tripped on the frame and fell out. A momentary gasp, a collective shuffle of feet...... then people trundled back to their offices muttering ‘I knew he couldn’t fly’.
(Nobody was going to save Ray: The feeling was that Ray should’ve saved them. This is the political climate we live in today). Ray Lewis Resignation Statement
‘The affects on my family are beginning to tell and to show - that must stop. Most of you will be aware that I haven't been through the political Sandhurst on my way to this important office but I thank Boris Johnson for giving me this opportunity to serve London in this particular way and I've been pleased to do so for these past two months. This is a great Mayor, a man of vision, a man of courage, a man who I have grown to know, to love and to admire. Boris Johnson is a remarkable man and London is very fortunate, even blessed to have him.
‘But I cannot allow the things I have been into, up to, and around me to obscure the important business of this mayoralty. And for that reason I must step down as Deputy Mayor for Young People with immediate effect. London faces enormous challenges and I believe with all my heart that I was best placed to do that, but it is important we get on with the business of the mayoralty without this business hanging over Boris Johnson's head.
‘Yet today again we learn of another murder, yet so much time and attention has been given over to something that may or may not have happened 10, 12 years ago and of course I flatly deny it. Nonetheless, it’s important for me to let Boris Johnson get on with this very important work. There was some talk in the press of me being or not being a magistrate. If you are fully paid up members of the 'hair splitters' convention it will have made a difference to you whether or not I was appointed or recommended for appointment. And it is that seeming duplicity that is really why I asked to step down as Deputy Mayor because it's very important that Boris Johnson is clear about who is working for him and what has gone on in the past.
‘I've passed all the interviews for it. I've had a letter confirming that I have been recommended for appointment to the board. But nonetheless it is important I do nothing to obscure this important mans very important vision. And so, I have today handed in my resignation to the Mayor, who with great reluctance accepted it, and showed enormous grace throughout my time here. We will continue to enjoy a close friendship and I pray that it long continues and I pray that Boris will find other people, including myself in an unofficial capacity, to serve the interest of this country and interests of young Londoners, which was my particular brief. It's been great, but you can accept that in this political minefield we live in.”
Statement Mayor of London, Boris Johnson:
“It is with extreme reluctance and sadness that I have accepted the resignation of Ray Lewis. He has always been, and remains, an inspiring figure to me. Ray is not a conventional politician but that is a strength as well as a weakness. Ray can communicate and connect with communities and individuals that are beyond the reach of most mainstream politicians. ‘Therefore when presented with a string of unsubstantiated allegations my instinct was to fight and fight hard for Ray. I still hope that he can clear his name. I cannot deny however that my confidence in Ray was shaken by the discovery today that he is not a fully fledged Justice of the Peace and I cannot deny that to be misled on this issue has made it harder for me to give Ray the backing necessary to continue in his role as Deputy Mayor”. Saturday, 5 July 2008
Attorney General Orders Better Mix at the Bar
- ‘Government departments could continue to meet their legal obligations to promote equality when they secure external legal services;
- There will be an increase in the range of diversity of applicants in terms of ethnic origin, gender, disability, age, faith and sexual orientation amongst counsel;
- All the best candidates who act for Government are drawn from the widest pool of talent when recruited and promoted.’
- Open and transparent competitions for every counsel acting for Government – criminal and civil panels, CPS external advocates, Standing Counsel, First Treasury Counsel;
- The Judicial Appointments Commission, established to ensure that the judiciary is appointed from as diverse a range of applicants as possible.
- We do not only appoint men or people from particular ethnic backgrounds;
- We do not appoint from only specific chambers;
- We do not only appoint people from particular schools, universities or backgrounds!
Friday, 27 June 2008
London Unions RISE against London Festival
About Rise: 13 Jul 2008, Finsbury Park London's biggest free music festival, Rise Festival (formerly known as the Respect Festival), started in 1996 as a music festival to promote anti-racism and celebrate cultural diversity. With an eclectic mix of hip-hop, indie, pop, jazz and reggae, it offers something for everyone. The African Village celebrates and showcases the vibrancy and diversity of London's African communities through music, arts, culture, literature, food and film. There is a special music tent, featuring a range of artists from across the African diaspora and displaying the diversity of East, North, South, West and Central African music. Other attractions include a cinema tent, which screens a diverse array of film shorts, documentaries and features; various workshops; a community market place and a lot more. There is also a comedy tent featuring some of the best comedians from around London and the UK.
For more info, Visit: http://www.risefestival.org/
Friday, 20 June 2008
Ray Lewis: Meet Boris's new Rainmaker
Traversing London’s financial district any time after 4pm will always be a test of one’s patience and dexterity. And here I am on a bus heading down a bursting Bishopsgate towards Liverpool Street station – my final destination. There is no greater luxury than a seat on a bus in London, but alas, today I stand. I don’t mind; it’s a glorious day that has given me pleasant time to ponder and look at my surroundings as I do.
DM: How difficult do you anticipate your role to be, bearing in mind the papers have christened you ‘Boris’ Crime Czar’ which seems a lot of heat on one man, but how challenging do you see the road ahead?
RL: Well, the old saying goes: ‘if the mountain was smooth, you couldn’t climb it’. Although the city has great challenges, it also has a great capacity to heal itself. There are other people out there doing some sterling work. My job is to unite that, co-ordinate that, and build capacity for these organisations to create great community champions cutting young people off from a life of crime and anti-social behaviour. Part of this office’s remit is finding community groups, leaders and local authorities the resources to promote aspiration initiatives - involving education, job creation and business within the same agenda.
RL: I don’t think there has been a change in policy because the powers have been there for some time. I think what people need to be mindful of as concerned citizens, that whatever policy initiatives are accentuated, are done so with the best will in the world, and done in the best way in the world.
I was at a ‘knife arch’ yesterday and I stood around for half-an-hour watching the police at work; they didn’t know I was there, but I was pleased with the way they did it. I was very pleased with their manner and their sensitivities. I spoke to a few of the young people that had gone through the arches and they said ‘this is a necessary thing to do because we know people that have been hurt – and we know people that have been perpetrators’. They also said there’s a degree of embarrassment because it does take place in public places, but all of; all of the young people I spoke to yesterday said they welcomes it as a necessary initiative!
[PT.2: I asked peope from the Positive Role Model Group on Facebook to pitch some questions to Ray:http://www.facebook.com/topic.php?uid=12802433797&topic=4590 This part of those interviews was formed of those questions].
DM: Firstly, you mentioned positive role models and the need for them. With reference to groups such as Positive Role Models on Facebook (which has almost 500 members), do you think there is a need to get these groups and their ilk further involved in ‘the process’?
RL: ABSOLUTELY!!! [Shouted]. And now that I think of it – that has been my life’s work! That is my passion and concern! Good men and good women need to come and take a step forward. Martin Luther King once said: ‘Evil triumphs when good people do nothing’.
RL: I think that has started [to change]. I think that people are starting to recognise that it’s important to set the ‘first aid tent’ at the top of the cliff rather than the bottom. We want to build ‘fences’ around the perimeter [of the cliff], not have ambulances at the bottom.
So there is increasing recognition and political will, particularly from this mayor, to deal with the causes of crime and invest in the right places. I was at a meeting in Scotland Yard recently and this was the mantra: "How can we prevent? How can we invest in our young people, in our community - to stop this kind of thing happening?"
DM: Would you consider putting metal detectors in all schools and colleges?
RL: We’d certainly consider it – but I’m not sure about the word ‘all’ from a practical point of view, and a philosophical point. Practically speaking, if you keep something in a regular place, people will always find ways around it - as we know. Philosophically, it’s important we deal with the ‘causes’ and not the ‘gate’ when the horse has bolted. So going back to your previous question [‘prisons vs. youth clubs’], we need to place the emphasis on prevention.
DM: Gimmicks in politics: Too much top level spin: not enough ground action?
RL: This interview is about my ground-up approach and I think you’ll find in time, people will be talking about the ‘outcomes’ not just about the programmes - and that’s very important. I would agree that all around the world, not only in this country or this city, there is a degree of spin that takes place; I am not part of that, nor is this office. We want to speak the truth honestly – whether that’s good or bad; we want to actually use our resources to tackle the issues.
DM: So are you actually going to be speaking to the youth rather than ‘guessing’ what they want/ need?
RL: [Incredulous silence. An ‘isn’t-that-obvious’ look. I move on…]
DM: How will charging young people for carrying knives going to change the wider social factors?
RL: It won’t. I think that public confidence is one of the issues, but we are in favour of looking at the reasons why young people are carrying knives, because we don’t want to criminalise young people unduly so. But, we must be strident in our opposition to knife carrying because if you carry a knife, you’re more likely to be stabbed than if you don’t (which is a strange paradox, but we live in a paradoxical world). My job is to try and deal with some of the reasons, behind the thinking, that generates a young person to put on their jeans, put on their jacket – and put a knife in their pocket. If we can deal with that, I think by the end of this term we would have gone a long way.
DM: Well done on your achievements so far; many people will look up to you as a positive role model. Give me something positive to take back to the Positive Role Model Group.
RL: I think that ordinary people can do extraordinary things if they have a willingness to serve others. Martin Luther King once said that ‘anyone can be great; all it needs is a willingness to serve other people’. And if you’re ambition is to serve others – as mine is to serve London – then I think we can do some tremendous things.
I am not a career politician; I’m here for as long as I can do some good. When my internal drivers say to me ‘Ray, enough is enough’, and indeed when the young people that I work with tell me my effectiveness is waning, then I’ll know it’s time to move on.
[Interview by Davis Mukasa, City Hall, 1300hrs 18th June 08. Copyright protected. Contact davis@em-o.com]
Brian Paddick, Where Art Thou?

